The evolution of BMS technologyIf you’re working with lithium‑ion batteries today—EVs, energy storage, industrial equipment—you’re really buying into the quality of the Battery Management System (BMS). The cells matter, but the BMS decides how safely, efficiently, and profitably those cells are used.BMS history and development milestonesEarly BMS designs were simple protection boards:Basic over‑voltage / under‑voltage cut‑offOver‑current